Overview
Most coughs after a cold settle within 3 weeks. A cough that lasts longer needs a structured look for the cause. Common causes include asthma, post-nasal drip from allergic rhinitis, acid reflux, medicines (such as some blood-pressure tablets), smoking and, in India, tuberculosis. Less commonly it is the first sign of a more serious lung condition.
Common Symptoms
- Cough lasting more than 3 weeks
- Cough at night or after exercise
- Tickle in the throat or post-nasal drip
- Cough with sputum
- Cough after meals or when lying down
When to Consult a Pulmonologist
See a chest specialist if your cough has lasted more than 3 weeks, or sooner if you cough up blood, lose weight, have fever or night sweats, or become breathless.
How We Diagnose It
Evaluation includes a detailed history, examination, chest X-ray, spirometry and FeNO, and where needed allergy testing, sputum tests for TB, or CT.
Treatment Approach
Treatment is directed at the cause found — for example asthma treatment, allergy and nasal treatment, reflux measures, or stopping a medicine that causes cough. Most patients improve once the cause is treated.
